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世联翻译公司完成畜牧业中文翻译
发布时间：2018-08-23 10:31 点击：
世联翻译公司完成畜牧业中文翻译
Zinpro is known around the world for its expertise in overall bovine and swine foot health. With the growing emphasis on proper animal handling and management, Zinpro offers the proven-products and industry-leading tools for preventing, managing and treating bovine and swine lameness. Effective lameness management helps improve welfare and enhance overall animal performance. 金宝公司凭借其在牛蹄和猪蹄健康方面的专业技术闻名于世。随着人们对正确动物治疗和管理越来越重视，金宝公司可提供经过验证的产品和行业领先的工具，用于预防、管理和治疗牛和猪的跛行。高效的跛行管理有助于改善动物福利和提高动物总的生产性能。 Dairy Lameness | Beef Lameness| Swine Lamenness奶牛跛行|肉牛跛行|猪跛行 Lameness Prevention Programs From Zinpro 金宝公司的跛行预防程序 First Step: Dairy Lameness Prevention
First Step：奶牛跛行的预防
The First Step Lameness Assessment and Prevention system, from Zinpro, provides the industry’s most comprehensive assessment of overall lameness risk factors on a dairy. Learn more about the First Step program and our industry-leading dairy lameness management and prevention tools and resources.
Learn More
金宝公司 First Step跛行评估与预防系统，可为行业提供最全面的奶牛总体跛行风险因素的评估。了解更多关于First Step项目和我们行业领先的奶牛跛行管理与预防工具与资源
了解更多Feet First: Sow Lameness Prevention Feet First：母猪跛行的预防
Significant production losses caused by lameness may be preventable when proactive steps are taken. The Feet First program, spear-headed by Zinpro, is designed to help fill the information gap. Learn more about the Feet First program and our industry-leading sow lameness management and prevention tools and resources.
Learn More如果积极采取措施，可以避免跛行导致的显著生产损失。金宝公司率先发起的Feet First 项目，旨在帮助填补奶牛跛行的信息空白。了解更多关于Feed First项目和我们行业领先的母猪跛行管理与预防工具与资源。
了解更多http://www.zinpro.com/lameness/dairy Has translated in the file- dairy (second & 3rd pages translation)
http://www.zinpro.com/lameness/dairy/locomotion-scoring
http://www.zinpro.com/lameness/dairy/locomotion-scoring
Locomotion Scoring of Dairy Cattle 奶牛行走移动评分
Locomotion scoring is based on the observation of cows standing and walking (gait), with special emphasis on their back posture. This system is intuitive and easy to use and implement.
Use of locomotion scoring is effective for early detection of claw (hoof) disorders, monitoring prevalence of lameness, comparing the incidence and severity of lameness between herds and identifying individual cows for functional claw (hoof) trimming.
行走移动评分以观察奶牛站立和行走（步态）为基础，着重观察奶牛背部姿势。该系统直观且易于使用和实施。
行走移动评分在检查蹄趾（蹄部）病变，检测跛行发生率、比较不同牛群之间跛行的发生率和严重程度，以及鉴定个别奶牛进行功能性修蹄方面非常有效。We skip the part from “Dairy Cattle Locomotion Scores and Descriptions” to “Trimming should be done by a competent hoof trimmer with the goal of returning the claws to functional weight bearing and conformation.”
Factors Influencing Lameness Incidence
影响跛行发生率的因素
Lameness is a multifactorial disease. The following management factors will influence the incidence of lameness
跛行是一种多种因素共同作用的疾病，下列几方面管理因素会影响跛行的发生率：
Cow Comfort
• Avoid overcrowding
•Provide properly designed and maintained stalls
•Minimize heat stress
•Flooring should provide good traction, but minimal wear
奶牛舒适度
1 避免过度拥挤；
2 提供正确设计且运行良好的牛舍；
3 最大限度降低热应激；
4 地面应能提供良好的摩擦力，但应最大限度降低蹄部磨损。Claw Care
•Practice maintenance trimming (2X/year)
•Provide therapeutic trimming
•Properly maintain and administer foot baths
•Maintain a clean and dry environment
蹄趾护理
1 进行维护性修蹄（每年两次）；
2 进行治疗性修蹄；
3 正确维护和管理蹄浴池；
4 保持环境清洁干燥。Transition
•Minimize abrupt ration changes to reduce rumen upsets
•Strive to maximize animal health
运输
1 最大限度减少突然改变日粮已降低对瘤胃的应激；
2 努力提高奶牛健康状况。Nutrition
•Provide nutritionally balanced diets
•Provide properly mixed and delivered rations
•Formulate rations to minimize sorting
•Feed diets with proper micronutrient fortification
•Feed trace minerals from Zinpro Performance Minerals® sources for improved claw integrity营养
1 提供营养均衡的日粮；
2 提供正确混合并运输的日粮；
3 配制日粮以最大限度降低分层；
4 饲喂用正确微量营养素强化的日粮；
5 饲喂金宝高效能矿物质®的微量元素以提高蹄趾完整性。http://www.zinpro.com/lameness/dairy/lesion-identification
http://www.zinpro.com/lameness/dairy/lesion-identification
Dairy Claw Lesion Identification 奶牛蹄趾病变诊断
The Dairy Claw Lesion Identification Poster was developed through a combined effort by Zinpro Corporation, and the International Lameness Committee. It represents the first global consensus for claw lesion identification, naming convention and record keeping practices. By adopting consistent terminology throughout the world, both the prevalence and economic impact of various lesions will be easier to track and assess. 奶牛蹄趾病变诊断图谱由金宝公司和国际跛行委员会共同努力开发完成，代表了首个全球蹄趾病变诊断共识、命名管理和记录保存方式。通过采用全球已知的术语，可很容易地对各种病变的流行率和经济影响进行追踪和评估。
Proper Identification is Critical 正确鉴别非常关键
Dairy claw lesions are organized into two categories: infectious and non-infectious. Effective claw lesion management starts by evaluating which category is most prevalent in a particular herd. Since corrective action plans must be appropriate for the category of lesion present, proper lesion identification is critical. 奶牛蹄趾病变可分为两种类型：传染性和非传染性。高效的蹄趾病变管理首先要评估某一特定牛群哪种蹄趾病变发病率最高。由于纠正措施方案必须与病变类型相符，因此正确鉴别病变非常关键。
Single-letter Abbreviation, Global Application 单字母缩写，全球应用
The Dairy Claw Lesion Identification Poster features the use of a consistent, single-letter abbreviation for each lesion. Historically, the two most common lesion identification systems (AABP and ABC) are based on two letter abbreviations; however, dairy record keeping practices function more effectively with a single letter due to program character space constraints. With the single letter abbreviation system, lesion prevalence can be more accurately tracked and assessed worldwide by using a common letter for each lesion abbreviation. 奶牛蹄趾病变诊断图谱的特点是为每个病变使用全球一致的单字母缩写。历史上，两个最常用的病变鉴别系统（AABP和ABC）以双字母缩写为基础，但由于程序字符空间的限制，奶牛记录保存方式以单字母缩写可运转得更为有效。使用单字母缩写系统，可更加准确地追溯病变流行情况并评估全球的发病率，通过使用每个病变的常用字母缩写。
Lesion Identification Guide 病变鉴别指南
For more information about dairy claw lesion identification, request your free copy of the First Step® Dairy Claw Lesion Identification Guide. It features close-up color photographs, detailed descriptions, claw zones and single letter abbreviations for the 14 most common non-infectious and infectious claw lesions. 与了解更多关于奶牛蹄趾病变鉴别的信息，可免费索取First Step®奶牛蹄趾病变鉴别指南，该指南附有精美的彩色图片、详细描述、蹄趾区域和14个最常见传染性和非传染性蹄趾病变的单字母缩写。
We skip the most common claw lesions
The Role of Trace Minerals in Dairy Hoof Health 微量元素在奶牛蹄部健康中的作用
Trace mineral nutrition plays a critical role in building and maintaining strong, healthy feet. For example, zinc and copper are essential nutrients for developing healthy claw horn tissue, while zinc and manganese play a crucial role in wound healing. Research has shown that feeding a combination of trace minerals (Zn, Mn, Cu and Co) in a highly available complexed form helps decrease both the incidence and severity of common claw lesions. 微量元素营养在构建和保持强壮健康蹄子中起到了关键作用。例如锌和铜是健康蹄趾角质组织的必需营养素，同时锌和锰在外伤康复中起到了关键作用。有研究表明饲喂多种微量元素（锌、锰、铜和钴）高效复合制剂有助于降低蹄趾病变的发生率和严重程度。
http://www.zinpro.com/lameness/dairy/hoof-trimming
http://www.zinpro.com/lameness/dairy/hoof-trimming
Dairy Cattle Hoof Trimming 奶牛修蹄
The reason cows become lame can be quite complex, as many of the factors are interrelated. However, the main reason cows become lame is most often related to cows walking on hooves (claws) with a compromised or unbalanced weight bearing surface. 奶牛跛行的原因非常复杂，因为多种因素会相互影响。但是，奶牛跛行的主要原因在于蹄部（蹄趾）行走时负重表面受损或不平衡。
Overloading the cow’s claw due to excessive wear or overgrowth can create a claw that is sensitive, unstable and more prone to lameness. Therefore, cows’ feet need to be checked and trimmed for two reasons: 由于过度磨损或过度生长，奶牛负重过度的一趾会变得敏感、不牢固，且更容易发生跛行。因此，基于以下两点原因，奶牛蹄部需要定期检查和修蹄：
• Restoration of appropriate weight bearing within and between the claws of each foot
• Early identification of claw lesions1 恢复每个蹄子不同蹄趾的负重平衡；
2 早期鉴别蹄趾病变。It is important to note that not all cows examined will require trimming, as over-trimming can result in greater incidence of lameness. 注意并非所有经过检查的奶牛都需要修蹄，因为过度修蹄会导致更高的跛行发生率。
Four-Step Hoof Trimming Technique 四步修蹄技术
Proper claw trimming forms the foundation of a comprehensive foot health program. By recognizing certain claw trimming fundamentals, one can help reduce the risk of lameness caused by claw trimming miscues. 正确修蹄是全面蹄部健康计划的基础。了解修蹄的基本方法，可降低因修蹄不当导致跛行的风险。
Following is an overview of the four-step functional claw trimming procedure, which is a slight modification of the original Dutch three-step procedure developed by E. Toussaint Raven. Each and every foot of the cow should be approached under this four-step process during claw evaluations to avoid over-trimming. This functional trimming process can be used to treat claw lesions. It is highly recommended that all claw trimming done on a dairy be conducted
only by trained personnel.
下面是四步修蹄法的基本步骤，四步修蹄法以荷兰E. Toussaint Raven创建的三步修蹄法稍作改进而来。在评估蹄趾时，奶牛的每个蹄子都应遵循该四步进行，以免修蹄过度。这种功能性修蹄过程可用于治疗蹄趾病变。强烈建议所有奶牛修蹄均由经过培训的技术人员进行。
http://www.zinpro.com/lameness/dairy/first-step-team
http://www.zinpro.com/lameness/dairy/first-step-team
First Step® Team First Step®团队
The First Step® Dairy Lameness Assessment and Prevention program was created by Zinpro Corporation and Dr. Nigel Cook, clinical associate professor in the food animal production medicine section of the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Veterinary Medicine First Step®奶牛跛行评估与预防项目由Zinpro集团和Nigel Cook博士发起，Nigel Cook博士是威斯康辛州立大学麦迪逊分校兽医学院临床副教授食品动物生产药物专业的临床副教授。
About Dr. Nigel Cook
Dr. Nigel CookDr. Cook qualified as a veterinarian in 1992. He worked in a large food animal clinic in Southern England for four years before moving to the Royal Veterinary College, Hertfordshire, where he spent three years as a lecturer and head of the Large Animal Ambulatory Clinic.
Since 1999, he has taught veterinary students in Wisconsin and developed research related to the influence of the environment on hoof and udder health. In his position, he also provides a milk quality, lameness and facility troubleshooting service to farmers. He is the current section head of the Food Animal Production Medicine Group and chair of the AABP Bovine Lameness Committee.Nigel Cook博士简介
Nigel Cook博士于1992年取得兽医从业资格，在英格兰南部一家大型食品动物诊所工作了4年，然后在进入位于赫特福德郡的英国皇家兽医学院，在那里当了3年的讲师和一家大型动物门诊诊所的负责人。
1999年，开始在威斯康辛州教授兽医专业学生，并开展关于欢迎对奶牛蹄部和乳房健康影响的研究。与此同时，他还向奶牛场提供乳质、跛行和设备故障排除方面的服务。目前，任食品动物生产医药集团负责人和AABP牛跛行委员会主席。About Zinpro Corporation Dairy Lameness Experts
Dr. Mike Socha, Regional RNS Manager – North America, Zinpro Corporation
Dr. Mike Socha, Regional RNS Manager – North America, Zinpro CorporationDr. Socha received his bachelor’s and master’s degrees in dairy science at the University of Wisconsin and his doctorate degree in animal and dairy sciences from the University of New Hampshire. His doctoral research focused on determining methionine requirements of lactating dairy cows, while his master’s thesis analyzed the effect of feeding heated soybeans to early lactation cows on milk production, composition and fatty acid composition.
Prior to joining Zinpro, Dr. Socha was manager of dairy research and development for a major Midwest-based feed cooperative. His duties at Zinpro Corporation include overseeing the Research and Nutritional Services team in North America (ruminant and non-ruminant), as well as product development research.金宝公司奶牛跛行治疗专家简介
Mike Socha博士，金宝公司北美地区RNS经理
Mike Socha博士在威斯康辛州立大学获得奶牛科学学士和硕士学位，在新罕布夏大学获得动物与奶牛科学博士学位。他的博士学位研究是测定泌乳奶牛的蛋氨酸需求，他的硕士学位论文是分析饲喂加热大豆对早期泌乳奶牛产奶量、乳成分和脂肪酸含量的影响。
在加入金宝公司之前，Socha博士在一家位于美国中西部地区的大型饲料企业任奶业研发经理。他在金宝公司负责监管金宝公司北美地区（反刍动物与非反刍动物）研发与营养服务团队，以及产品研发。Dr. Dana Tomlinson, Research Nutritionist, Zinpro Corporation
Dr. Dana Tomlinson, Research Nutritionist, Zinpro Corporation Dr. Tomlinson earned his bachelor’s degree in dairy science at Ohio State University and both his master’s degree in dairy science, nutrition and management, and doctorate degree in animal science, ruminant nutrition and management at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University.
Before joining Zinpro, Dr. Tomlinson was a dairy nutrition and management consultant with a major national feed manufacturer, specializing in technical sales support, feed product and program development, dairy business development and technical training. His duties at Zinpro Corporation include providing technical services and support for dairy to the North American and International sales teams, as well as overseeing dairy research projects.Dana Tomlinson博士，金宝公司研究营养学家
Dana Tomlinson博士在俄亥俄州立大学获得奶牛科学学士学位，在弗吉尼亚理工大学获得奶牛科学、营养与管理硕士学位和动物科学、反刍动物营养与管理博士学位。
在加入金宝公司之前，Tomlinson博士一家大型国有饲料厂任奶牛营养与管理顾问，专精于技术销售支持、饲料产品与程序研发、奶牛业务拓展与技术培训。他在金宝公司负责为北美和全球的销售团队提供奶牛技术服务与支持，以及监管奶牛研发项目。Dr. Daryl Kleinschmit, Research Nutritionist, Zinpro Corporation
Dr. Daryl Kleinschmit, Research Nutritionist, Zinpro CorporationDr. Kleinschmit earned his bachelor’s degree in animal science from the University of Nebraska and a master’s degree in animal science from the University of Delaware. His master’s thesis focused on the evaluation of Lactobacillus buchneri in the preservation of fermented feeds, particularly in corn silage. He earned his doctorate degree in animal science from South Dakota State University. His doctoral dissertation pertained to the utilization of amino acids by dairy cattle fed rations containing high levels of distillers grains.
Prior to joining Zinpro, Dr. Kleinschmit spent more than seven years working in dairy nutrition, conducting research, consulting and providing technical service. His duties at Zinpro Corporation include providing technical services and support for dairy to the North American and International sales teams, as well as overseeing dairy research projects.Daryl Kleinschmit博士，金宝公司研究营养学家
Daryl Kleinschmit博士在内布拉斯加州立大学获得动物科学学士学位，在特拉华州立大学获得硕士学位。其硕士学位论文是布氏乳杆菌在发酵饲料（尤其是玉米青贮饲料）保存中作用的评估。他从南达科他州立大学获得了动物科学博士学位，其博士论文探讨了饲喂奶牛含高水平DDGS日粮对氨基酸的利用。
在加入金宝公司之前，Kleinschmit博士从事了7年多的奶牛营养工作，致力于研发、咨询和提供技术服务。他在金宝公司负责为北美和全球的销售团队提供奶牛技术服务与支持，以及监管奶牛研发项目。Dr. Christof Rapp, Research Nutritionist, Zinpro Animal Nutrition (Europe)
Dr. Christof Rapp, Research Nutritionist, Zinpro Animal Nutrition (Europe)Dr. Rapp earned his Dr. Sc. Agr. (equivalent to a doctorate) from Hohenheim University, Germany. He joined Zinpro as a research nutritionist in 1999 and works from the European office in Boxmeer.
His primary responsibilities include conducting research on animal performance, providing technical support to Zinpro customers and troubleshooting trace mineral nutrition related problems.Christof Rapp博士，金宝公司营养公司（欧洲）研究营养学家，
Christof Rapp博士在德国霍恩海姆大学获得农业科学博士学位（等同于博士学位）。他于1999年加入金宝公司担任研究营养学家，在位于荷兰博克斯梅尔的欧洲办公室工作。
他的主要职责包括开展动物生产性能方面的研究，向金宝公司的客户提供技术支持，以及解决微量元素营养方面的问题。Additional First Step® Program Contributors
Additional dairy industry experts who contributed to the First Step® program include:
• Tom Bennett (University of Wisconsin-Madison)
•Dr. Steven Berry (University of California-Davis)
•Dr. Mike Brouk (Kansas State University)
•Karl Burgi (Dairyland Hoof Care Institute, Inc.)
•Dr. Adrian Gonzales (ANKA Hoof Care & Training)
•Dr. Ken Nordlund (University of Wisconsin-Madison)
•Dr. Garrett Oetzel (University of Wisconsin-Madison)
•Dr. John Smith (Kansas State University)
•Dr. Helwi Tacoma (Intelact, LTD)First Step®项目其他专家：
为First Step®项目做出贡献的其他奶牛专家包括：
Tom Bennett（威斯康辛州立大学麦迪逊分校）
Steven Berry（加利福尼亚州立大学戴维斯分校）
Mike Brouk博士（堪萨斯州立大学）
Karl Burgi（Dairyland蹄部护理研究所）
Adrian Gonzales博士（ANKA蹄部护理与培训公司）
Ken Nordlund博士（威斯康辛州立大学麦迪逊分校）
Garrett Oetzel博士（威斯康辛州立大学麦迪逊分校）
John Smith（堪萨斯州立大学）
Helwi Tacoma（Intelact有限公司）
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